Sarojini Naidu Biography | Sarojini Naidu Full Information

The Nightingale of India Sarojini Naidu is the name of that immortal soul who made her significant contribution to India's freedom struggle. Sarojini Naidu is one of those revolutionary women who fought a great struggle to give freedom to India, which was trapped in slavery. Sarojini Naidu was a great politician and a great freedom fighter, besides being a feminist, poetess, and a great orator of her time. Even the great leaders were mesmerized by listening to her speeches. She was the first President of the Indian National Congress. She was the first Indian woman to be appointed as the Governor of Uttar Pradesh. She was an active participant in the Indian freedom movement. She was also called the Nightingale of India and the Nightingale of India. Her poems include poems about children, nature, patriotism, love, and death. She was especially famous for writing poems for children. Most people would reminisce about their childhood by reading her poems. A mischievousness would be found in her poems, and that is why she was called the 'Nightingale of India'. Sarojini's talent began to be seen at the age of just 12. Everyone would be surprised by reading the poems of this young girl. She had started writing articles and poems in newspapers since then. The feeling of patriotism was also imbued in her and that is why she was with Mahatma Gandhi during the national movement, along with him she actively participated in the Salt Satyagraha. Sarojini Naidu's daughter Padmaja also participated in the freedom struggle and was part of the Quit India movement. Today, when we talk about the great revolutionary women of India, Sarojini Naidu's name is mentioned first. She was a role model for all Indian women.

Brief information about Sarojini Naidu

Full name: Sarojini Naidu

Born: 13 February 1879 Hyderabad, Andhra Pradesh

Died: 2 March 1949 Allahabad, Uttar Pradesh

Husband: Dr. M. Govindarajalu Naidu

Children: Jayasurya, Padmaja Naidu, Randhir and Leelamani

School: Madras University, King's College London, Girton College Cambridge

Citizenship: Indian

Award: Kesar e Hind

Composition: The Golden Threshold, Bird of Time, Broken Wing

Sarojini Naidu's Family – Sarojini Naidu Family

The great Indian revolutionary Sarojini Naidu was born on 13 February 1979 in a Bengali family. Her father's name was Aghornath Chattopadhyay, he was a scientist, educationist, doctor and teacher. He founded the Nizam College in Hyderabad. Later, her father was demoted from the post of Principal and then he became the first member of the National Congress Hyderabad. After quitting his job, he jumped into the freedom struggle. Freedom fighter Sarojini Naidu's mother's name was Varad Sundari Devi and she used to write poetry in Bengali. Sarojini Naidu had a total of 8 siblings, out of which Sarojini was the eldest. One of her brothers, Virendranath Chattopadhyay, was a revolutionary who played an important role in the Berlin Committee. He was killed by an Englishman in 1937. Sarojini's other brother, Harindranath Chattopadhyay, was a famous poet, storyteller, and artist, in addition to this, he also wrote plays. Her sister Sunalini Devi was a great dancer and actress. Sarojini was a brilliant student from childhood and had good knowledge of Urdu, Telugu, English, Bengali and Persian. At the age of just 12, she passed the matriculation examination and stood first in the Madras Presidency. Her father Aghornath Chattopadhyay wanted Sarojini, a great revolutionary who dedicated herself to the country, to become a mathematician or scientist, but Sarojini had a passion for writing poetry since childhood. Her love for writing poetry came from her mother. In her childhood, she wrote a poem of 1300 lines.

Sarojini Naidu

Sarojini Naidu's Education – Sarojini Naidu Education

Her poetry and writing impressed everyone. Even the Nizam of Hyderabad was impressed by her poetry and he also gave Sarojini a scholarship to study abroad. When she went to England at the age of 16, she first enrolled at King's College London.

Later, she received her education from Gritton College, Cambridge, where she met Arthur Simon and Edmund Gosse, the famous English poets of that time. They advised Sarojini to write keeping Indian subjects in mind and to become an Indian poet of the Deccan (Southern Plateau). After that, the great poetess Sarojini Naidu was inspired to include the mountains, rivers, temples and social issues of India in her poems. Later, Sarojini became a great poetess of India and her poems won her a place in millions of hearts.

Sarojini Naidu Marriage – Sarojini Naidu Marriage

The great poetess of India, Sarojini Naidu, met Govind Rajulu Naidu while she was studying in England and fell in love with him. Naidu had gone to England to become a physician at that time. After completing her education, she returned to India and married Govind Naidu at the age of just 19 with the consent of her family.

Their marriage was solemnized in Madras in 1898 under the Brahmo Marriage Act. Their marriage was inter-caste, at that time, marriage between different castes was considered no less than a crime because inter-caste marriages were not recognized in Indian society at that time. This was a revolutionary step for which she had to struggle a lot, but her father, without worrying about the society, fully supported her fearless and educated Sarojini in her decision. After all these adverse circumstances, their married life was successful. After marriage, they became the mother of four children, Jayasurya, Padmaja, Randhir and Leelamani. Sarojini's daughter Padmaja became a poet like her and also entered active politics and became the Governor of West Bengal in 1961.

Something more about Sarojini Naidu –

Sarojini was very different from ordinary women. She always had the energy and desire to do something, so she continued to write even after marriage. The number of admirers of her poems also gradually increased and her popularity also increased.

She was proficient in writing poetry and she also had a good knowledge of literature. She used to present the things around her, the natural beauty of India and other subjects very beautifully through her poems. There was a very large audience who loved her poems and would praise her poems like songs. In 1905, her poem Bul Bul Hind was published, after which her popularity increased further, after which her poems were published one after another, which created a place in the minds of the readers. Sarojini's list of admirers also included great personalities like Jawaharlal Nehru and Rabindranath Tagore. Sarojini also wrote her poems in English.

Sarojini Naidu Poems -

A unique picture of Indian culture can be seen in her poems. When such a great poetess Sarojini Naidu met Indian freedom fighter Gopal Krishna Gokhale, a big change happened in her life. Gokhale advised Sarojini to use her writing power in the freedom struggle. Gopal Krishna Gokhale advised Sarojini to dedicate her intellect and education completely to the country. He also told her to write revolutionary poems and encourage the people of small villages in this fight for freedom so that the common people who were trapped in slavery for years could breathe a sigh of relief and join this struggle. Sarojini thought deeply on this advice of Gopalkrishna Gokhale and stopped her professional writing and dedicated herself completely to politics. In 1905, during the partition of Bengal, the great revolutionary woman Sarojini Naidu joined the Indian National Congress. She was also very distressed due to the partition and later decided to join the freedom struggle.

Sarojini Naidu's political life and role in the freedom struggle –

She was constantly trying to get India free, like a loyal patriot. She swept the entire country to ignite the flame of freedom among the common people and made an important contribution to increasing the feeling of patriotism among the people. Sarojini Naidu mainly went to women and expressed her revolutionary thoughts for the country to get freedom. At the time when Sarojini Naidu was sowing these revolutionary thoughts among women, women had imprisoned themselves within the four walls of the house. At that time, the status of women was very backward. In such a time, women were not allowed to participate in the freedom struggle, let alone step outside the house. In such a situation, changing the mentality of women who were taking care of children and grandchildren was not an easy task at all, but Sarojini Naidu was doing the difficult task of encouraging these women to join the freedom struggle with great devotion.

Sarojini Naidu used to go from village to village and make women aware of their rights, encouraging them to move forward, and she also raised her voice for women empowerment and their rights. In 1916, when she came in contact with the Father of the Nation, Mahatma Gandhi, she was deeply impressed by Gandhiji's thoughts and her thinking completely changed. Sarojini started considering Gandhiji as her role model, taking inspiration from Gandhiji, she gave her full strength to the country and achieved independence.

Sarojini Naidu as Freedom Fighter -

In 1919, the cruel British rulers passed the Rowlatt Act, under which possession of sedition documents was considered illegal. Mahatma Gandhiji led the Non-Cooperation Movement against this Act. Sarojini Naidu fully supported Gandhiji in this movement. She also followed Gandhiji's peaceful policy and non-violent thoughts. Apart from this, she also supported other movements like Montagu-Chelmsford Reforms, Khilafat Movement, Sabarmati Sandhi Satyagraha and Civil Disobedience Movement. Not only this, she also went to jail with Gandhiji during the Civil Disobedience Movement. During the Quit India Movement of 1942, she had to stay in jail for 21 months, during which she had to endure many tortures. Thus, during the freedom struggle, she spent many days in jail and performed the duty of a true patriot.

Sarojini Naidu as President of the National Congress and Governor:

Sarojini Naidu's contribution to the freedom struggle and her participation in the freedom struggle had an impact on the common people, while her revolutionary ideas had further increased her popularity. Her ideas greatly influenced the first Prime Minister of independent India, Jawaharlal Nehru. Seeing her talent, she was appointed as the President of the Congress session in 1925. Later, in 1932, she also went to South Africa as a representative of India. Sarojini Naidu, the revolutionary woman of India, played an important role in presenting the nuances of the non-violent struggle carried out by Indians for India's independence. Not only this, she traveled not only to Europe but also to the United States to spread Gandhian principles and after India got independence, she became the first Governor of Uttar Pradesh. She was the first Governor of independent India and became the Governor of the largest state of India. She performed her political duties well with her great thoughts and glorious deeds and for this reason she is remembered even today.

Sarojini Naidu Death – Sarojini Naidu Death

Sarojini Naidu, a great freedom fighter and a beloved disciple of Mahatma Gandhi, who fought hard to give the country independence, suffered a severe heart attack while working in the office on March 2, 1949 and died.

In this way, Sarojini dedicated her entire life to the country. She had achieved great fame and respect in her life and also became a source of inspiration for the people. On February 13, 1964, the Government of India, on the occasion of her birth anniversary, issued a 15 paise postage stamp in her honor.

Sarojini Naidu's contribution to literature –

Sarojini Sarojini Naidu not only achieved fame as a great revolutionary and a good politician, but she was also famous as a good poet. Through her poems, she not only sowed the seeds of revolutionary thoughts among the people but also defined Indian culture wonderfully. She wrote a lot of children's literature and became famous for that too. Not only this, but she was honored as the Nightingale of India due to her beautiful poems and songs.

In 1905, her collection of poems was published under the name "Golden Threshold", after which she also published two other collections "The Bird of Time" and "The Broken Wings". These poems were not only liked by the people of India, but these books were also liked by a large number of readers in England and due to this she got recognition as a powerful writer.

Apart from poems, the famous poetess Sarojini also wrote some articles and essays like "Words of Freedom" which was based on her political views.

Apart from this, she also raised social issues like women's empowerment through her books. These writings had a deep impact on the society. The Feather of the Dawn was edited and published by her daughter Padmaja in 1961.

Sarojini Naidu's literature -

 “The Bird of Time: Song of Life,

 Death and the Spring,

 The Broken Wing: Song of Love,

 Death and Spring,

 Muhammad Jinnah: An Ambassador of Unity,

 The Sceptered Flute: Songs of India,

 Allahabad: Kitabistan,

 The Indian Weavers,

 Feast of Youth,

 The Magic Tree and the Wizard Mask

In addition to these, some of her poems are also sung due to their beautiful and rhythmic words.

Brief important information about Sarojini Naidu –

 At the age of just 13, Sarojini wrote a 1200-line epic poem called ‘A Lady of Lake’.

 In 1918, she was the President of the Madras Provincial Conference.

 In 1919, she visited England as a member of the All India Home Rule League delegation.

 In 1930, Mahatma Gandhi launched the Civil Disobedience Movement. Sarojini Naidu led the 'Mithach Satyagraha' in Dharasana, Gujarat with great courage.

 In 1942, she participated in the 'Quit India' movement and went to jail.

 In 1947, she was the President of the Asian Conference held in Delhi.

 In 1947, she was elected as the first Governor of the state of Uttar Pradesh in independent India.